关键词：并置
Keyword: Juxtaposition
概要
当我们走进一个饮料店的时候，首先可以看到颜色鲜艳的海报和广告，紧接的是放满饮品的柜台和琳琅满目的调制工具。抬头、低头、环顾四周可以看到大理石的地面、装饰用的植物、假花，还有等位用的金属桌椅。它们是如何被考虑组织起来的呢？不止在一个大的空间中，在我们翻开一本书的时候，也可以看到其中的大字、小段落、图片和空白被有序地安排和呈现。
我们可以说这是一种设计的结果，但似乎又说的很笼统。对于体验者和观察者来说这些是不同的材料和元素，放在一起可能会因为不同而显得很突兀，但事实却不尽然。在这其中“并置”作为一个关键词成为了串联所有信息的重要因素。
并置是将两个相对独立的事物，例如有形的物体、材料、无形的风格、思想放在一起进行考虑，它们既有对比，也有延续，在重组原有的单一元素后即形成了新的秩序。相对于混合的大一统，并置依然保留着各个部分的独立性，同时在它们之间建立起内在的联系。
图像页面并置练习
Practice of imaga pahe juxtapositio
无论是在城市中并排的建筑，还是在文本中相邻的字符，都在不断产生如何做好并置表现的问题。去锻炼并置思考能力，可以设置几种方法去发散和练习去促进创意的产生。例如拼贴，精致的尸体和人工智能绘画。
拼贴（Collage）是将已有的图像剪裁，重新组合去编排新的场景。旧图像之间也因此获得了全新的联系。图像的组合关系也在不停地推动创造的极限和可能性。
拼贴评图
Discussion of collage work
精致尸体（Exquisite Corpse）是一种超现实主义创作的小游戏。它将人物形象的身体分割成几块交由不同的人去绘制，而创作者之间互相并不知道对方画了什么。当结果揭晓的时候，往往会有出乎意料的效果，进而寻找出创作的方向。
精致的尸体小游戏结果揭晓
Unveiled results of Exquisite Corpse
人工智能绘画 （AI Painting）凭借关键词或是自然语言生成图片，它将毫不相干的描述词，用画面呈现了出来，像是在太空中跳舞的猫宇航员一样，超越现实而又合情合理。语言的并置，带来图片内容的并置，人工智能绘画的发展也极大拓宽了思维的宇宙。
宇航猫在太空中跳舞
Cat Astronauts dancing in the space（Dall·E 2）
可以说并置是我们认识世界和看待事物的一种方式。不同的并置选择指向了不同的设计风格，也造就了我们的多样世界。
INTRO
When entering a drink shop, we can notice colourful posters and attractive advertisements first, then we see cabinets full of various bottles of drinks and mixing tools on its top. Looking up and down, we feel surrounded by marble floors, decorative plants, artificial flowers, and metal seats for waiting. How are they selected and organized? Not only in a large space but also when we open a book, we see orderly displays and arrangements of big fonts, small texts, images and blanks.
We can say it is an outcome of design, but it seems too general. In the eyes of experiencers and observers, those different materials and elements are incompatible and incongruous because of their differences, but the fact is not so. Juxtaposition, as a key word, becomes an important factor connecting all objects and their information.
Juxtaposition is to place two relatively independent things, such as tangible objects, materials, intangible styles and thoughts together for consideration. They hold both comparability and extensiveness. It generates a new order when the original, single elements are reorganized. Compared with mixed unification, juxtaposition still keeps each different part independent while creating inner links between them.
The issue of juxtaposition for better expression is constantly arising whether in the alignment of buildings in an urban area or in the arrangement of adjacent characters in a text. We can set a few approaches for scattering and exercises to cultivate the ability of thinking about juxtaposition. Collage, Exquisite Corpse and AI Painting may be employed in the practice to enhance creativity.
Collage is first to crop the existing images and then to reorganize and build new scenes. It can create entirely new links between the old images. The regrouping of old images constantly breaks the limitations and broadens the possibility of creativities.
Exquisite Corpse is a tiny surrealist game. It crops a human-shaped body into several pieces and hands them to different persons who are to paint but have no idea of what others are painting. It always creates an unexpected result when it is unveiled, which is a chance to find the direction for creation.
精致的尸体小游戏成果
Results of Exquisite Corpse
AI painting can generate pictures with prompted key words or a natural language. It displays the image by entirely unrelated descriptive words, like astronaut cats dancing in the outer space, beyond reality but reasonable. The juxtaposition of language brings the juxtaposition of image contents. AI painting tremendously expands the universe of thought.
图片由三段描述通过Dall·E 2拼接生成：“宇航猫在太空中跳舞”“蔬菜超人在海底玩爵士”“一张被铅笔追踪的熊开火车的照片”。This picture is generated by Dall·E 2 from three descriptions: “cat astronauts dancing in the space” “vegetable superman playing jazz under the sea” and “a realistic photo of bears traced by pencil driving a train”.
Juxtaposition is a way we cognize the world and see things. Different choices of juxtaposition reflect the different styles of design, thus, making our world so diversified.
图片来源
2021级 视觉传达设计专业
《实践原则02》课堂练习Source of Images
Classroom practice of Principles in Practice 02, 2021 cohort of Visual Communication Design
教学团队
Teaching Team
Mark Bellingham Caleb Fahey Farah A.Hadi
林则全 林欣如 张子翎
参考资料
Reference
Ambrose, G. Harris, P. (2005) Basics Design Layout. Singapore: AVA Publishing
Open AI. Dall·E 2.
At https://openai.com/product/dall-e-2
(Accessed 05/08/2023)
